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Description: Since 1982, SEAMAP plankton surveys have been conducted by the National Marine Fisheries Service in cooperation with the states of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. The SEAMAP Spring Plankton Survey began in 1982 while the SEAMAP Fall Plankton Survey began in 1985. A SEAMAP Winter Plankton Survey took place in 1983, 1984, 1993, 1996, 2004, 2008, 2009, and 2011. Plankton sampling is carried out during these surveys at predetermined SEAMAP stations arranged in a fixed, systematic grid pattern across the entire Gulf of Mexico. Most but not all SEAMAP stations (designated by a unique SEAMAP number) are located at ~56 km or ½-degree intervals along this grid. Some SEAMAP stations are located at less than 56 km intervals especially along the continental shelf edge, while others have been moved to avoid obstructions, navigational hazards, or shallow water. The sampling gear consists of a 61 cm bongo net fitted with 0.333 mm mesh netting is fished in an oblique tow path from a maximum depth of 200 m or to 2-5 m off the bottom at depths less than 200 m. A mechanical flowmeter is mounted off-center in the mouth of each bongo net to record the volume of water filtered. Volume filtered ranges from ~20 to 600 cubic m, but is typically 30 to 40 cubic m at the shallowest stations and 300 to 400 cubic m at the deepest stations. Samples are taken upon arrival on station regardless of time of day. Samples are routinely preserved in 5 to 10 % formalin and later transferred after 48 hours to 95 % ethanol for long-term storage. During some surveys, selected samples are preserved initially in 95 % ethanol and later transferred to fresh ethanol. Ichthyoplankton data from Fall Plankton (1986 to 2007) surveys in the Gulf of Mexico are used to map individual sampling stations. Data is limited to samples collected with 61 cm bongo nets fitted with 0.333 mm mesh nets.
Copyright Text: David Hanisko, National Marine Fisheries Service; Jeff Rester, Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission
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