{
 "culture": "en-US",
 "name": "",
 "guid": "",
 "catalogPath": "",
 "snippet": "Shows the amount of human sourced Nitrogen that enter the open ocean.",
 "description": "<DIV STYLE=\"text-align:Left;\"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>We use a new high-resolution geospatial model to measure and map nitrogen (N) and pathogen\u2014fecal indicator organisms (FIO)\u2014inputs from human sewage for ~135,000 watersheds globally. Because solutions depend on the source, we separate nitrogen and pathogen inputs from sewer, septic, and direct inputs. Our model indicates that wastewater adds 6.2Tg nitrogen into coastal waters, which is approximately 40% of total nitrogen from agriculture. Of total wastewater N, 63% (3.9Tg N) comes from sewered systems, 5% (0.3Tg N) from septic, and 32% (2.0Tg N) from direct input. We find that just 25 watersheds contribute nearly half of all wastewater N, but wastewater impacts most coastlines globally, with sewered, septic, and untreated wastewater inputs varying greatly across watersheds and by country. Importantly, model results find that 58% of coral and 88% of seagrass beds are exposed to wastewater N input. Across watersheds, N and FIO inputs are generally correlated. However, our model identifies important fine-grained spatial heterogeneity that highlight potential tradeoffs and synergies essential for management actions. Reducing impacts of nitrogen and pathogens on coastal ecosystems requires a greater focus on where wastewater inputs vary across the planet. Researchers and practitioners can also overlay these global, high resolution, wastewater input maps with maps describing the distribution of habitats and species, including humans, to determine the where the impacts of wastewater pressures are highest. This will help prioritize conservation efforts. Without such information, coastal ecosystems and the human communities that depend on them will remain imperiled.<\/SPAN><\/P><\/DIV><\/DIV><\/DIV>",
 "summary": "Shows the amount of human sourced Nitrogen that enter the open ocean.",
 "title": "Global_Nitrogen_Concentration_from_Human_Sources",
 "tags": [
  "Human Sourced Nitrogen",
  "Concentration",
  "Pollution",
  "Marine",
  "Coral Reefs"
 ],
 "type": "",
 "typeKeywords": [],
 "thumbnail": "",
 "url": "",
 "minScale": 150000000,
 "maxScale": 5000,
 "spatialReference": "",
 "accessInformation": "Tuholske, Cascade, et al. \"Mapping global inputs and impacts from of human sewage in coastal ecosystems.\" PloS one 16.11 (2021): e0258898.",
 "licenseInfo": ""
}