Coral reefs classified by threat from overfishing and destructive fishing (adjusted for management) (grid)

World Resources Institute 2011 Coral reefs classified by threat from overfishing and destructive fishing (adjusted for management) (grid) raster digital data Reefs at Risk Revisited Washington, DC, United States World Resources Institute withheld 2011 Burke, L., K. Reytar, M. Spalding, and A. Perry. Reefs at Risk Revisited. (Washington, DC, USA: World Resources Institute, 2011). withheld rf_ovf_adj Reef grid cells have been classified by estimated threat from overfishing and destructive fishing adjusted by management effectiveness of marine protected areas (MPAs). Threats to coral reefs from overfishing were evaluated based on coastal population density and extent of fishing areas (reef and shallow shelf areas), with adjustments to account for the increased demand due to proximity to large populations and market centers. Areas where destructive fishing occurs (with explosives or poisons) were also included, based on observations from monitoring and mapping provided by experts. Pressure from overfishing or destructive fishing was reduced in MPAs rated as having effective or partially effective management sufficient to reduce this threat. Effective MPAs reduced threat by two levels, and partially effective MPAs reduced threat by one level. This results in an "adjusted" threat estimate, where values of 0 indicate low threat, 100 indicate medium threat, 1000 indicate high threat. See the technical notes for additional information. The global indicators developed by the Reefs at Risk Revisited project enable comparative analyses of threats to coral reefs on many scales, and support conservation priority-setting. The Reefs at Risk indicators are a simplification of human activities and complex natural processes, but provide globally-consistent indicators of relative human pressure on coral reefs. The model relies on available data and predicted relationships but cannot capture all aspects of the dynamic interactions between people and coral reefs. The threat indicators gauge current and potential risks associated with human activities. A strength of the analysis lies in its use of regionally consistent data sets to develop globally consistent indicators of human pressure on coral reefs. However, the model is not perfect, and omissions and other errors in the data sets are inevitable. en 2011 publication date Complete None planned -180.000000 180.000000 89.999882 -89.999882 -20037508.342788 20037491.657212 -6363885.331926 6364114.668074 overfishing coral reefs overfishing destructive fishing world global None Data set is not for use in litigation. While efforts have been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable, WRI cannot assume liability for any damages or misrepresentations caused by any inaccuracies in the data, or as a result of the data used on a particular system. WRI makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. World Resources Institute mailing and physical address

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Washington DC 20002 United States reefsatrisk@wri.org 9 am - 5 pm EST World Resources Institute. Reefs at Risk Revisited. 2011. ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.3000 Raster Dataset Raster Grid Cell 25456 80150 1 500.000000 500.000000 16 Upper Left FALSE Default 1 matrix values FALSE GRID row and column 500.000000 500.000000 meters D_WGS_1984 WGS_1984 6378137.000000 298.257224 GCS_WGS_1984 WGS_1984_Cylindrical_Equal_Area VAT_Threat_from_Overfishing_and_Destructive_Fishing Table 3 OBJECTID OBJECTID OID 4 0 0 Internal feature number. Esri Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. VALUE VALUE Integer 4 0 0 0 = Low, 100 = Medium, 1000 = High WRI COUNT COUNT Integer 4 0 0 THREAT_TXT THREAT_TXT String 10 0 0 Level of threat from overfishing and destructive fishing (adjusted for management) World Resources Institute GIS Data Manager 202-729-7653 202-729-7600 reefsatrisk@wri.org Downloadable Data and Data CD 35.360 35.360 20110408 World Resources Institute GIS Data Manager mailing and physical address

10 G Street NE Suite 800

Washington DC 20002 United States 202-729-7600 reefsatrisk@wri.org FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html ESRI Metadata Profile en 20110215 15285400 FALSE 20230201 12420000 20230201 12420000 rf_ovf_adj -20037508.342788 20037491.657212 -6363885.331926 6364114.668074 1 002 Projected GCS_WGS_1984 WGS_1984_Cylindrical_Equal_Area <ProjectedCoordinateSystem xsi:type='typens:ProjectedCoordinateSystem' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xmlns:xs='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema' xmlns:typens='http://www.esri.com/schemas/ArcGIS/10.0'><WKT>PROJCS["WGS_1984_Cylindrical_Equal_Area",GEOGCS["GCS_WGS_1984",DATUM["D_WGS_1984",SPHEROID["WGS_1984",6378137.0,298.257223563]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0],UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION["Cylindrical_Equal_Area"],PARAMETER["False_Easting",0.0],PARAMETER["False_Northing",0.0],PARAMETER["Central_Meridian",-160.0],PARAMETER["Standard_Parallel_1",0.0],UNIT["Meter",1.0]]</WKT><XOrigin>-20037700</XOrigin><YOrigin>-6364000</YOrigin><XYScale>224756315.71340498</XYScale><ZOrigin>-100000</ZOrigin><ZScale>10000</ZScale><MOrigin>-100000</MOrigin><MScale>10000</MScale><XYTolerance>0.001</XYTolerance><ZTolerance>0.001</ZTolerance><MTolerance>0.001</MTolerance><HighPrecision>true</HighPrecision></ProjectedCoordinateSystem> Linear Unit: Meter (1.000000) 16 FALSE RLE 1 GRID FALSE continuous signed integer -32768 1.0 150000000 5000 ItemDescription GIS Data Manager World Resources Institute 202-729-7600 10 G Street NE Suite 800 Washington DC 20002 US reefsatrisk@wri.org 20230201 ArcGIS Metadata 1.0 GIS Data Manager World Resources Institute 202-729-7653 202-729-7600 reefsatrisk@wri.org withheld File Geodatabase Raster Dataset Coral reefs classified by threat from overfishing and destructive fishing (adjusted for management) (grid) 2011 World Resources Institute World Resources Institute Washington, DC, United States raster digital data Reefs at Risk Revisited Burke, L., K. Reytar, M. Spalding, and A. Perry. Reefs at Risk Revisited. (Washington, DC, USA: World Resources Institute, 2011). <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><P><SPAN>Reef grid cells have been classified by estimated threat from overfishing and destructive fishing adjusted by management effectiveness of marine protected areas (MPAs). Threats to coral reefs from overfishing were evaluated based on coastal population density and extent of fishing areas (reef and shallow shelf areas), with adjustments to account for the increased demand due to proximity to large populations and market centers. Areas where destructive fishing occurs (with explosives or poisons) were also included, based on observations from monitoring and mapping provided by experts. Pressure from overfishing or destructive fishing was reduced in MPAs rated as having effective or partially effective management sufficient to reduce this threat. Effective MPAs reduced threat by two levels, and partially effective MPAs reduced threat by one level. This results in an "adjusted" threat estimate, where values of 0 indicate low threat, 100 indicate medium threat, 1000 indicate high threat. See the technical notes for additional information.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV> The global indicators developed by the Reefs at Risk Revisited project enable comparative analyses of threats to coral reefs on many scales, and support conservation priority-setting. The Reefs at Risk indicators are a simplification of human activities and complex natural processes, but provide globally-consistent indicators of relative human pressure on coral reefs. Burke, Lauretta & Reytar, Katie & Spalding, Mark & Perry, Allison. (2011). Reefs at Risk Revisited. World Resources Institute 10 G Street, NE Suite 800 Washington DC 20002 US reefsatrisk@wri.org 9 am - 5 pm EST world global overfishing coral reefs overfishing destructive fishing coral reefs overfishing destructive fishing global <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><P><SPAN>Data set is not for use in litigation. While efforts have been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable, WRI cannot assume liability for any damages or misrepresentations caused by any inaccuracies in the data, or as a result of the data used on a particular system. WRI makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV> Burke, L., K. Reytar, M. Spalding, and A. Perry. Reefs at Risk Revisited. (Washington, DC, USA: World Resources Institute, 2011). 2011 withheld ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.3000 true -180.000000 180.000000 89.999882 -89.999882 publication date 2011 The model relies on available data and predicted relationships but cannot capture all aspects of the dynamic interactions between people and coral reefs. The threat indicators gauge current and potential risks associated with human activities. A strength of the analysis lies in its use of regionally consistent data sets to develop globally consistent indicators of human pressure on coral reefs. However, the model is not perfect, and omissions and other errors in the data sets are inevitable. 1 -179.999989 179.999996 89.000000 -89.000000 3 25456 80150 1 dataset EPSG 6.18.3(9.3.1.2)