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Name: Chapter 5 - Sea Turtles
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Description: NOTE: The layers presented here only represent a small sample of the spatial information compiled during this assessment. The entire data package is publicly avaialble for download on NOAA's NCEI's website: https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/access/index.html. For more information, please see: Roberson, K., M.S. Kendall, D. Parker, and S. Murakawa. pp. 197-224. In: B.M. Costa and M.S. Kendall (eds.). Marine Biogeographic Assessment of the Main Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. OCS Study BOEM 2016-035 and NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 214. 359 pp.
Five species of sea turtles occur in the Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI), all of which are protected under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Of the five, green turtles (Chelonia mydas) are the most abundant and present year round. Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata, also present year round), olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) and loggerhead (Caretta caretta) are also found throughout the MHI, with varying types and degrees of activity. Basking, nesting, and stranding data were compiled by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) from a diversity of State and Federal agencies as well as community organizations, volunteers and private citizens. These data were mapped in the context of shoreline cliffs and beaches to identify locations of turtle activity. Green turtles were reported basking at 62 locations around the MHI, with 34% of the reports from O‘ahu and 31% from the island of Hawai‘i. Nesting locations by green (n=47), hawksbill (n=27), olive ridley (n=4) and leatherback (n=1) turtles were reported throughout the MHI. Kaua‘i had the highest number of nesting locations reported (19 of 47 or 40%). The majority of strandings are green turtles with the largest proportions reported on O‘ahu (77%) and Maui (11%). Stranding causes varied among and within islands. These data may be used to document current spatial patterns and for comparison to future patterns post-wind farm installation. However, it is important to note that the density and frequency of reported sea turtle activities are biased by unequal survey effort. Effort was not consistently quantified and is presumably higher close to population centers and nearby beaches that were easily accessible. Future data collection efforts would benefit from island-wide monitoring that is controlled for effort as well as identification of foraging and offshore distributions of sea turtles throughout the MHI.
Copyright Text: For web service: NOAA NOS NCCOS CCMA Biogeography Branch
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