Layer: Lakebed Geomorphons (ID: 29)

Parent Layer: Lakebed Surface

Name: Lakebed Geomorphons

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Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV>During July-September 2020, Cardinal Point Captains (CPC) hydrographers conducted hydrographic survey operations in three survey areas located on the western side of Bayfield Peninsula in southwestern Lake Superior. Survey operations took place over three legs: Leg 1 (7/25-8/5), Leg 2 (8/25-9/2), and Leg 3 (9/16-9/28). CPC utilized the Research Vessel (R/V) Echo, which was equipped with a Teledyne-Reson SeaBat 7125 multibeam echosounder for simultaneously acquiring bathymetry and acoustic backscatter imagery. During survey operations, DEA provided remote technical support to assist CPC with vessel setup, system calibrations, and initial hydrographic data testing and quality control, and coordinated transfers of raw hydrographic data.After initial data assessments were complete, the raw multibeam data were prepared for import into CARIS Hydrographic Information Processing System (HIPS) software (version 11.3.8). Upon import into CARIS HIPS software, the raw multibeam data were converted from native Teledyne-Reson s7k file format into CARIS HDCS format. The converted multibeam data were stored logically by survey day.After position, motion, waterline, and sound velocity corrections were applied, soundings were gridded for review and directed editing. Preliminary grid resolution was 2 meters (m). Review of bathymetric data was conducted by reviewing multiple bathymetry child layers (e.g. standard deviation, density) in CARIS HIPS and using editing and QC tools to view and edit erroneous soundings (“fliers”), systematic biases, timing errors, or alignment offsets. Upon completion of directed editing, soundings were gridded at 2m and interpolated using the ArcGIS Focal Statistics tool for geospatial analysis. The geoform model was created using the Bathymetry and Reflectivity-based Estimator of Seafloor Segments (BRESS) Tool (https://www.hydroffice.org/bress/rationale/) from the NOAA Pydro Office Suite of applications. The software was used to interpret the geomorphological complexity of the study area.. A 2 meter resolution multibeam bathymetric surface was used as an input for the BRESS tool. The backscatter reflectivity surface of the study area could not be used for the BRESS Tool because the imagery was uncalibrated and contained several major decibel offsets.NCCOS used 30 model training sites which contained several distinct and heterogeneous lakebed features to explore and test the performance of the tool settings. The inner radius, outer radius, and flatness angle settings of the tool were tested on these subsets to train the model in delineating the geoform types. The final settings chosen for the study area were: inner radius = 5 nodes, outer radius = 50 nodes, and flatness angle = 1 degree. The final geoform analysis detected 6 types of geoform classes: Flat, Ridge, Shoulder, Slope Footslope, and Valley. The final image was exported as a Geotif into ArcGIS Pro and classified according to the 6 separate geoform classes. A layer file with the color codes and class labels was also exported from ArcGIS, and is provided in the web tile version in the service definition file. </DIV></DIV></DIV>

Copyright Text: NOAA/NCCOS Ayman Mabrouk and Will Sautter

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